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M9550010.TXT
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1995-03-04
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Document 0010
DOCN M9550010
TI Comparison of rates of intracellular metabolism of zidovudine in human
and primate peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
DT 9505
AU Qian M; Chandrasena G; Ho RJ; Unadkat JD; Department of Pharmaceutics,
School of Pharmacy, University of; Washington, Seattle 98195.
SO Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1994 Oct;38(10):2398-403. Unique Identifier
: AIDSLINE MED/95142584
AB 3'-Azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT) is a drug of choice for the treatment
of AIDS. On the basis of pharmacokinetic data, the nonhuman primate
Macaca nemestrina has been shown to be a suitable animal model for use
in the study of the disposition of AZT. However, since AZT is activated
to its metabolite, the AZT triphosphate (AZTTP), intracellularly, we
investigated the intracellular activation of AZT in peripheral blood
mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of healthy and simian immunodeficiency
virus-infected macaques and compared it with that in PBMCs obtained from
human volunteers. At 5 microM extracellular AZT, both human and macaque
PBMCs rapidly convert AZT to AZT monophosphate (AZTMP) (84% of total
phosphorylated products) in 4 h. Increases in AZTMP levels of 7.7- and
12-fold were observed in human and macaque PBMCs, respectively, when the
extracellular AZT concentration increased from 0.45 to 14.4 microM.
Similar ratios of AZT metabolites, AZT diphosphate (AZTDP)/AZTTP (0.7 to
1.4), AZTMP/AZTDP (3 to 14), and AZTMP/AZTTP (3 to 19), over the same
AZT concentration range were observed in both human and macaque PBMCs,
suggesting that these cells have similar capacities to phosphorylate
AZT. Simian immunodeficiency virus-infected macaque PBMCs showed a
fivefold increase in intracellular AZT and AZTMP levels and a twofold
increase in AZTDP and AZTTP levels (picomoles per 10(7) cells) when
compared with those in the uninfected cells (at 4 h with 0.9 microM
extracellular concentration). This increase in AZT metabolite levels has
also been reported for human immunodeficiency virus-infected
PBMCs.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
DE Animal Comparative Study Dose-Response Relationship, Drug Human HIV
Infections/BLOOD Leukocytes, Mononuclear/*METABOLISM Macaca nemestrina
Phosphorylation Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/BLOOD
Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. Zidovudine/*METABOLISM JOURNAL ARTICLE
SOURCE: National Library of Medicine. NOTICE: This material may be
protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).